Krebs Cycle continued

Part D starts at the bottom of cycle and goes till the next C-4

October 30th 2014

Krebs Cycle Continued

     D. The 4-C molecule and strip the rest of the high energy election off, making   more NADH and FADH2.

 4-C ----->4-C (starter material) + 2NADH + 2FADH2 

NEG:  4 ATP, 10 NADH, 2 FADH2 




VII     The Electron Transport Chain - Consists of 3 major protein complexes (I, II, III) these are all proton pumps and are embedded in the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane.
      
     A. NADH donates the electrons to complex I and then they're passed to II and III, pumping protons the whole way through

     B. FADH2 - Donates its electron to complex II and then III, pumping protons. This makes the process more efficient because the electron from FADH2 have not lost any energy yet when they reach Complex II.

     C. The exhausted electrons, once they've passed through the Electron Transport chain have O2 as their terminal electron acceptor (TEA)
                                                                

Equation: 2e- + 2H+ + 1/2O2 ----->H2O

So, O2 is crucial to provide a sink for electrons. Without it, the whole system backs up to Pyruvate.  (Back to Pyruvate Oxidation) 

    

    D. A proton gradient has now been created in the Inter Membrane Space, and the power of the diffusion of protons is used for Chemiosmosis to make the final 32 ATP.

NEG: 36 ATP, 0 NADH, 0 FADH2